Effigy Mounds National Monument

Effigy Mounds National Monument in Iowa near the Mississippi River preserves more than 200 prehistoric American Indian ceremonial mounds, including many in animal shapes such as a bear or bird. The park was established in 1949.

Location

Effigy Mounds National Monument is located in northeastern Iowa, primarily in Allamakee County, with a small part extending into Clayton County. The park’s visitor center is situated in Harpers Ferry, just north of Marquette, Iowa. The monument is nestled along the picturesque Upper Mississippi River Valley, offering stunning views and a rich historical backdrop.

Establishment

Effigy Mounds National Monument was established on October 25, 1949, by President Harry S. Truman. The monument was created to preserve over 200 prehistoric mounds built by the Mound Builder cultures during the Woodland period, dating back to the first millennium CE.

Protection

The mounds at Effigy Mounds National Monument are protected due to their historical, cultural, and archaeological significance. These earthen structures, shaped like animals such as bears and birds, are considered sacred by many American Indian tribes. The monument’s designation ensures the preservation of these ancient structures and the stories they hold, allowing visitors to contemplate the lives and beliefs of the people who built them.

Things to Do

Visitors to Effigy Mounds National Monument can enjoy a variety of activities:

Hiking: Explore the park’s numerous trails, including the North Unit, South Unit, and Sny Magill Unit, each offering unique views of the mounds and surrounding landscape.
Visitor Center: Stop by the visitor center to learn more about the history and culture of the Mound Builders through exhibits and interactive displays.
Guided Tours: Join ranger-led tours to gain deeper insights into the significance of the mounds and the natural history of the area.
Wildlife Watching: The monument is home to diverse flora and fauna, making it an excellent spot for bird watching and nature photography.
Picnicking: Enjoy a picnic at one of the designated areas while taking in the scenic beauty of the Upper Mississippi River Valley.